1771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL21771-CL2

這些數(shù)據(jù)可以從輸入端口上連接的外部器件獲得，需要使用傳送指令讀取這些器件上的數(shù)據(jù)并送到內(nèi)部單元；初始數(shù)據(jù)也可以用程序設(shè)置，即向內(nèi)部單元傳送立即數(shù)；另外，某些運(yùn)算數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在機(jī)內(nèi)的某個(gè)地方，等程序開(kāi)始運(yùn)行時(shí)通過(guò)初始化程序送到工作單元。

(1) 機(jī)內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)的存取管理

在數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)算過(guò)程中，機(jī)內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)傳送是*的。運(yùn)算可能要涉及不同的工作單元，數(shù)據(jù)需在他們之間傳送；運(yùn)算可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些中間數(shù)據(jù)，這需要傳送到適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤綍簳r(shí)存放；有時(shí)機(jī)內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)需要備份保存，這要找地方把這些數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)妥當(dāng)。總之，對(duì)一個(gè)涉及數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)算的程序，數(shù)據(jù)管理是很重要的。

此外，二進(jìn)制和 BCD 碼的轉(zhuǎn)換在數(shù)據(jù)管理中也是很重要的。

(2) 運(yùn)算處理結(jié)果向輸出端口傳送

運(yùn)算處理結(jié)果總是要通過(guò)輸出實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)執(zhí)行器件的控制，或者輸出數(shù)據(jù)用于顯示，或者作為其他設(shè)備的工作數(shù)據(jù)。對(duì)于輸出口連接的離散執(zhí)行器件，可成組處理后看作是整體的數(shù)據(jù)單元，按各口的目標(biāo)狀態(tài)送入一定的數(shù)據(jù)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)這些器件的控制。

(3) 比較指令用于建立控制點(diǎn)

控制現(xiàn)場(chǎng)常有將某個(gè)物理量的量值或變化區(qū)間作為控制點(diǎn)的情況。如溫度低于多少度就打開(kāi)電熱器，速度高于或低于一個(gè)區(qū)間就報(bào)警等。作為一個(gè)控制“閥門”，比較指令常出現(xiàn)在工業(yè)控制程序中。

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